EU · Lead regulator: Parlamento Italiano
Which of the six core regulatory dimensions this jurisdiction's norms actually address. Coverage is detected from the source text — not a structural heuristic.
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36 norms with regime, scope, gaps and verbatim evidence quotes. Scroll for more.
Scope: The provided text is a placeholder from the Official Gazette website and contains no substantive legal content.
source ↗Scope: This law establishes a framework for the issuance and circulation of financial instruments in digital form. It also simplifies the regulatory environment for FinTech experimentation.
Gap or ambiguity: The provided text, being a table of contents, does not detail specific technical or security standards for DLT platforms. This lack of specified requirements could create a role for independent certifiers to validate systems against industry best practices.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 18/03/2023”
Scope: This 1988 law regulates the general activity of the Italian government and the organization of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers. It does not contain any provisions related to crypto-assets or financial technology.
source ↗Scope: This is the Italian Civil Code, a foundational legal text from 1942. It does not contain any provisions related to crypto-assets or virtual asset services.
Gap or ambiguity: The code predates the existence of crypto-assets and therefore provides no specific framework for them. This creates a fundamental regulatory gap.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 19/4/1942.”
Scope: This law establishes the procedural framework for Italy's participation in the formation and implementation of European Union legislation. It does not contain any substantive rules regarding crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: This legislation is procedural and does not address the regulation of crypto-assets, digital currencies, or related services.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 19/01/2013”
Scope: This text announces the implementation of the EU's MiCA regulation in Italy, establishing an authorization regime for Crypto-Asset Service Providers (CASPs). It sets a deadline for existing Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) to obtain a CASP license.
Gap or ambiguity: The text is a high-level announcement and does not detail the specific technical, security, or operational requirements for obtaining a CASP license. This creates an opportunity for certifiers to provide pre-assessment and compliance services against the underlying MiCA standards.
“Per quanto riguarda il regime transitorio, la Consob ricorda che gli operatori attualmente iscritti al registro Oam come Vasp, dovranno ottenere l'autorizzazione ai sensi del Micar entro il 30 giugno 2026 per poter continuare a prestare i propri servizi.”
“Per quanto riguarda il regime transitorio, la Consob ricorda che gli operatori attualmente iscritti al registro Oam come Vasp, dovranno ottenere l'autorizzazione ai sensi del Micar entro il 30 giugno 2026 per poter continuare a prestare i propri servizi.”
Scope: This is a 1973 presidential decree on the assessment of income taxes in Italy. The provided text is only a table of contents and does not contain specific rules for crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The document is a general tax law from 1973 and does not address crypto-assets. Its application to income from crypto-asset activities is not defined in the provided text.
source ↗Scope: This law sets out general principles and rules for administrative procedures and the right of access to administrative documents in Italy. It is not specific to crypto-assets or financial services.
source ↗Scope: This decree-law contains urgent measures for economic growth and for the resolution of specific crisis situations. The provided text does not mention crypto-assets or related activities.
source ↗Scope: This is a general delegation law from 2013, authorizing the Italian government to transpose various European directives. It does not contain specific provisions related to crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The law predates significant crypto-asset regulation and is entirely silent on the topic. It does not create any specific requirements or opportunities.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 04/09/2013”
Scope: This is the Consolidated Banking Act of Italy, a foundational law from 1993 regulating banking, credit, and financial activities. The provided text does not contain any specific provisions for crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The act predates the existence of crypto-assets and is therefore completely silent on their regulation. Any application of its principles to crypto-assets would be by analogy and not explicitly supported by the text.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 1/1/1994.”
Scope: The provided text does not contain the substantive articles of the law. It appears to be boilerplate content from the Official Gazette website.
source ↗Scope: This decree regulates supplementary pension schemes in Italy. The provided text does not contain any provisions related to crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The regulation does not mention crypto-assets, creating a gap as to whether and how pension funds can invest in or manage such assets.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 1/1/2007.”
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 1/1/2007.”
Scope: This decree is the Italian Private Insurance Code. It regulates access to and the exercise of insurance and reinsurance activities, including prudential supervision and governance.
Gap or ambiguity: This regulation does not address crypto-assets. Its applicability to crypto-native insurance, DeFi protocols, or insurance products covering crypto-asset risks is entirely undefined.
“Decree enters into force: 1-1-2006”
Scope: The provided text is a placeholder for the Italian Official Gazette and contains no substantive regulatory content.
source ↗Scope: This is the Italian Personal Data Protection Code, establishing general rules for processing personal data. It does not contain specific provisions for crypto-assets or virtual asset service providers.
Gap or ambiguity: The law predates crypto-assets and does not address blockchain technology. Its application to immutable ledgers, especially regarding the right to erasure ('right to be forgotten'), is a significant gap.
“Entrata in vigore del decreto: 1-1-2004, ad eccezione delle disposizioni di cui agli artt. 156, 176, commi 3, 4 ,5 e 6, e 182 che entrano in vigore il 30/7/2003”
“Entrata in vigore del decreto: 1-1-2004, ad eccezione delle disposizioni di cui agli artt. 156, 176, commi 3, 4 ,5 e 6, e 182 che entrano in vigore il 30/7/2003”
Scope: This decree from 2003 consolidates provisions regarding Italian public debt and government securities. It does not contain any rules or mentions of crypto-assets or related services.
Gap or ambiguity: The regulation predates the existence of crypto-assets and is therefore entirely out of scope. It provides no framework for digital assets.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 1/3/2004”
Scope: This circular provides operational guidance on the new tax regime for crypto-assets introduced by Italy's 2023 Budget Law. It clarifies the taxation of capital gains, tax monitoring obligations, and a transitional asset revaluation and regularization scheme.
Gap or ambiguity: The guidance states that the tax qualification of a crypto-asset depends on its specific functional characteristics, requiring a case-by-case analysis. This creates a need for expert assessment to classify different token types for tax purposes, as no single abstract rule applies.
“In considerazione della modifica del regime fiscale, viene prevista la possibilità per i soggetti che già detenevano cripto-attività alla data del 1° gennaio 2023 di rideterminare il costo o il valore di acquisto delle stesse”
Scope: This decree implements the EU's Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (AIFMD) into Italian law. It regulates the authorization, operation, and supervision of managers of alternative investment funds (AIFs).
Gap or ambiguity: The text does not mention crypto-assets. It is unclear how these rules would apply to funds investing in crypto, particularly regarding asset valuation and the specific duties of the depositary.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 09/04/2014”
Scope: This 1983 law establishes and regulates common investment funds in transferable securities. It does not contemplate or regulate crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The regulation was enacted decades before the existence of crypto-assets and its scope is limited to traditional securities. It does not apply to the digital asset market.
“vigente al 24/05/2026”
Scope: This decree adapts Italian law to EU regulations on traditional financial market infrastructure, such as securities settlement, central securities depositories (CSDR), and OTC derivatives (EMIR). It does not concern crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The text is exclusively focused on traditional finance and does not mention crypto-assets or DLT. Its applicability to tokenized securities or DLT-based market infrastructures is not addressed.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 24/09/2016”
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 24/09/2016”
Scope: This is a general regulation for issuers of securities, dating from 1999. The provided text does not contain any specific provisions for crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The regulation predates crypto-assets and does not mention them. Its applicability to digital assets is not defined in the provided text.
“Resolution no. 23574 of 28 May 2025 - Amendments to the Issuers' Regulation regarding prospectuses relating to "non-equity" securities”
Scope: The provided text only specifies the entry-into-force date for the 2023 State Budget Law. It does not contain substantive articles regarding crypto-asset regulation.
Gap or ambiguity: The text is purely procedural, stating the law's effective date without providing any regulatory details. The substance of the crypto-related provisions is not included.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 01/01/2023”
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 01/01/2023”
Scope: This is the title page for the Italian Consolidated Income Tax Act of 1986. The provided text contains no substantive articles or specific rules.
Gap or ambiguity: The text is a general income tax law from 1986 and does not address crypto-assets. It provides no specific regulatory, technical, or tax framework for the sector.
“DECRETO DEL PRESIDENTE DELLA REPUBBLICA 22 dicembre 1986, n. 917 Approvazione del testo unico delle imposte sui redditi. (GU Serie Generale n.302 del 31-12-1986 - Suppl. Ordinario n. 126)”
Scope: This decree from 2001 regulates traditional postal banking services, including current accounts, payment services (money orders, cheques), and investment services. It does not mention or apply to crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The regulation predates the existence of crypto-assets and is therefore entirely silent on the subject. It is not applicable to the digital asset industry.
source ↗Scope: This is a delegation law authorizing the Italian government to transpose various EU directives into national law. It does not contain any substantive rules regarding crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The law does not address crypto-assets, so it does not create any specific regulatory gaps or opportunities in this area.
source ↗Scope: The provided text is a browser error message about JavaScript being disabled, not the content of the specified legal norm.
source ↗Scope: This law establishes a preferential tax rate for MiCA-compliant E-Money Tokens denominated in euro. It is a tax provision, not a comprehensive operational or licensing framework.
Gap or ambiguity: The norm does not specify the process or criteria for verifying that an E-Money Token is 'MiCA-compliant' and 'structured as a payment instrument' to qualify for the tax benefit.
“EARLY — projeto em tramitação (regime: `desconhecido`, status: `proposto`)”
Scope: This decree transposes the EU's MiFID II directive into Italian law. It regulates markets in financial instruments, investment services, and the operating conditions for investment firms.
Gap or ambiguity: The decree does not address crypto-assets directly. The primary ambiguity is whether a specific crypto-asset qualifies as a 'financial instrument' and thus falls under this regulatory framework.
“Entry into force of the provision: 26/08/2017”
Scope: This law establishes the general framework for financial instruments and intermediaries in Italy. It applies to crypto-assets that qualify as financial instruments (security tokens), subjecting them to licensing and conduct rules.
Gap or ambiguity: The primary ambiguity is determining which crypto-assets qualify as 'financial instruments' under the law's definitions. Applying traditional custody and intermediation rules to DLT-based assets creates technical and operational gaps.
“Entrata in vigore del decreto: 1-7-1998”
Scope: This law is the Italian national implementation of the EU's MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets) and TFR (Transfer of Funds Regulation) frameworks.
Gap or ambiguity: The provided text is only metadata and does not contain the substantive articles of the law. A detailed analysis of specific requirements or ambiguities is impossible without the full legal text.
source ↗Scope: This text describes the role of Italy's Financial Intelligence Unit (UIF). The UIF is responsible for receiving and analyzing suspicious transaction reports to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.
Gap or ambiguity: This is a high-level description of the FIU's mandate. It does not provide specific technical standards or reporting thresholds for crypto-asset service providers.
“L'Unità di Informazione Finanziaria per l'Italia (UIF) è stata istituita presso la Banca d'Italia dal d.lgs. n. 231/2007, in conformità di regole e criteri internazionali che prevedono la presenza in ciascuno Stato di una Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)”
Scope: This decree is Italy's primary anti-money laundering (AML) law, establishing obligations for customer due diligence, record-keeping, and suspicious activity reporting. It explicitly includes crypto-asset service providers as obligated entities.
Gap or ambiguity: The decree focuses on AML/CFT obligations and does not specify technical security standards for the custody of crypto-assets or the underlying IT infrastructure. This leaves a gap that could be addressed by independent certifications.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 29/12/2007”
Scope: This is a general law from 1996 concerning procedures for fulfilling EU community obligations across various sectors. The provided text is only a table of contents and does not contain any provisions related to crypto-assets.
Gap or ambiguity: The law predates the existence of crypto-assets and therefore does not address them in any capacity.
source ↗Scope: This decree implements the EU's MiCA regulation in Italy. It designates CONSOB and the Bank of Italy as the competent national authorities for supervising crypto-asset services and issuers.
Gap or ambiguity: The decree mentions requirements like 'external audit' and 'internal controls' but does not specify the technical standards. These details will likely be defined by CONSOB and Banca d'Italia, creating an opportunity for certifiers to establish best practices.
“Entrata in vigore del provvedimento: 14/09/2024”
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